In her 1963 book The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan argued that
the idealization of domesticity pressured women to seek fulfillment in serving others.
Why did many Cuban people support the uprising led by Fidel Castro against Fulgencio Batista in 1959?
They had a strong desire for political and economic autonomy.
What did “Operation Wetback” reveal about most white Americans?
They generally opposed the permanent immigration of Mexicans.
How did the United States react to the Soviet Union's successful launch of Sputnik in 1957?
It passed legislation providing support for students in math, foreign languages, science, and technology.
What was one cause of the unparalleled material abundance of the United States in the 1950s?
A population increase of almost 30 million
How did rock and roll challenge American social and cultural norms in the 1950s?
It was sexually suggestive.
Between 1955 and 1961, the United States spent $800 million in South Vietnam, most of it to
fund the South Vietnamese army.
In most cities during the 1950s, the black population
doubled as African Americans sought economic opportunities.
Why were the South and West sometimes referred to as the Gun Belt?
The regions had captured the lion's share of Cold War spending.
In which of the following ways did television affect U.S. politics in the 1950s?
It allowed candidates to appeal directly to voters in their homes, which elevated the importance of politicians' personal attractiveness.
What did anti-Communist zealot Senator Joseph McCarthy do that led to his condemnation by the U.S. Senate?
He conducted televised hearings in which he charged that the U.S. army was full of Communists.
The Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) overturned which of the following precedents?
Separate but equal established in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Which Egyptian leader seized the Suez Canal in July 1956?
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Which of the following describes higher education in the United States between 1940 and 1960?
It became increasingly available to veterans, the middle class, and African Americans.
What was Levittown, New York?
An example of mass-produced affordable housing in the suburbs
Which new civil rights organization chose Martin Luther King Jr. as its leader in January of 1957?
The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
How did union membership as a percentage of the labor force in the United States change during the 1950s?
It peaked at just over 27 percent in 1957.
In the 1950s, the CIA intervened in the internal affairs of which of the following countries?
Guatemala
Who wrote the best-selling books Sexual Behavior in the Human Male and Sexual Behavior in the Human Female?
Alfred Kinsey
Why did whites in Mississippi murder fourteen-year-old Emmett Till in 1955?
He allegedly whistled at a white woman.
The three-part program for compensating, “terminating,” and relocating Native Americans reflected the Eisenhower administration's commitment to
limiting the scope of federal government activity.
In what way did the civil rights movement of the 1950s and early 1960s differ from previous efforts to end racial segregation and discrimination in the United States?
It involved masses of people who used civil disobedience to bring about change.
What was the military-industrial complex Eisenhower warned Americans about before he left office?
An association between the military and defense contractors to spend more money on increasingly powerful weapons systems
The revolution in the visual arts that began in New York City in the 1950s
stressed energy and spontaneity over recognizable forms.
What was one unintended consequence of the federal government's program to relocate Native Americans?
A militant pan-Indian movement emerged two decades later.
The radical feminist movement differed from the National Organization for Women and other mainstream feminist organizations in that
radical feminists sought fundamental changes in the nation's institutions.
Where did Malcolm X attract an especially large following?
Northern urban ghettoes
When Martin Luther King Jr. was assassinated on April 4, 1968, he was
supporting a municipal garbage workers' strike in Memphis.
What factor helped to spark the new wave of feminism in the late 1960s and early 1970s?
An escalating number of women performing paid jobs in the workplace
Which of the following statements characterizes the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)?
It initially organized peaceful demonstrations using civil disobedience.
Why did the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) organize the Freedom Rides in 1961?
To integrate interstate transportation in the South
What made the Community Action Program (CAP) the most controversial part of the War on Poverty programs?
It required the maximum feasible participation of the poor it proposed to help.
Why were women of color critical of white women's feminist organizations?
White feminists ignored the poverty faced by many minority women.
How did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 transform southern politics?
It empowered the federal government to intervene directly to enable African Americans to register and vote.
What was the event that sparked a larger movement to end discrimination against gay men and lesbians in 1969?
A police raid at the Stonewall Inn in New York City
What 1969 event became the most dramatic action taken by militant Indians in the United States?
Local Indian activists' seizure and occupation of Alcatraz Island
Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta organized the Chicanos primarily to achieve
improved conditions of migrant farmworkers in California.
Drawing on the example of the Beats, the counterculture of the 1960s
rejected mainstream values such as materialism.
How did the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 change U.S. immigration policy?
It abolished the national-origins quota system.
Which statement describes the Mississippi Freedom Summer Project of 1964?
It put northern college students to work helping blacks register to vote.
In its 1967 Loving v. Virginia decision, the Supreme Court invalidated state laws banning what?
Interracial marriage
The Supreme Court ruled in Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) that accused criminals were entitled to
a lawyer.
Like black nationalist organizations, La Raza Unida
made cultural pride and brotherhood a central part of its agenda.
How did the Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren expand the Constitution's promise of equality and individual rights?
It supported an activist government.
By 1966, the civil rights movement in the United States
was no longer committed to nonviolence.
What was an important goal of the American Indian Movement in the 1960s?
The establishment of survival schools to teach Indian history and values
What did the Medicare program provide?
Universal compulsory insurance for the elderly
How did the Civil Rights Act of 1968 address racial equality?
Through a ban on discrimination in housing and jury selection
What was the end result of Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty?
It did not significantly redistribute total national income.
In the 1960s, the members of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
wanted to mobilize a New Left around the goals of civil rights, peace, and universal economic security.
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