Acquiring, storing, retrieving, and using information, based on sensation, perception, problem solving, and conceptualizing, is called
cognition
Which of the following would not be considered a concept?
your cat Spike
Individual instances of a concept that are stored in memory based on personal experience are called
exemplars
Which of the following is most likely prototype of a bird?
sparrow
You are trying to decide what kind of breakfast cereal to buy. You notice a new cereal that you recall seeing advertised on television and choose to buy it. This kind of decision making fits best with the concept of the
algorithm
The _____ is a sort of mental short cut that helps us make decisions based on what is easiest to call to mind
availability heuristic
Kayla is playing blackjack and has a hand totalling 17. She knows that she will likely lose if she gets another card but she does so anyway because she has a ‘gut feeling’ she will get a lucky card. On what is Kayla’s decision making based?
intuition
When you use a specific procedure for solving a math problem that will always lead you to the correct answer, providing you correctly follow the steps, you are using a
algorithm
Juanita visits her advisor at college and afterward figures out when she will graduate by counting how many classes she has left and determining how many items it will take to complete them. She is using:
means end analysis
_____ refers to word arrangement, whereas _____ refers to the meaning of words.
Syntax, semantics
How many phonemes are in the word psychology?
8
Intonation and social rules are a part of which component of language?
pragmatics
The language in which you think largely determines the nature of your thoughts. This is called the:
linguistic relativity hypothesis
Thurston believed that seven distinct capabilities are involved in all intellectual activities, which he referred to as
primary mental abilities
We is a con artist who flunked out of school, though he always got along with teachers and students. He is currently unemployed, but runs “scams” to earn his living. He has played a bum, a cop, a priest, and a businessman as part of his efforts to cheat people and he has never been caught. Wes would likely have a high degree of Gardner’s _____ intelligence
interpersonal
Phillip is an 8 year old with a mental age of 6. According to Terman’s formula. what is his IQ?
75
When you take a psychology test and afterward believe it did not accurately measure your knowledge of psychology, you are questioning the test’s?
validity
When administered properly, the results of a standardized intelligence test
can help explain why a child may be struggling in school
Early interventions designed to enrich the environment of poor children
demonstrate that nature cannot be altered by nurturing.
When you figure out a solution to your problem and you put it into action, you are engaging in the process of
translation
A rose would be a likely prototype for the concept of flowers
True
Framing, or presenting information a certain way to emphasize an outcome or gain, has a limited effect on decision making
False
Anything that human brains can do, an artificial intelligence program can do just as well or better.
False
Morphemes, the smallest units of meaning in the English language, are always words.
False
Bilingualism during childhood is associated with an improved ability to think about language.
True
The SAT is an aptitude test designed to predict college performance.
True
Mental retardation is based solely on one’s IQ score
False
Lewis Terman’s study found that mentally gifted individuals had more mental health/psychological problems than the general population
False
Research shows that racial differences in IQ are largely due to genetic factors.
False
Women tend to better than men on mathematical calculation tests
True
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