Biological/Physical Anthropology

What is the belief that species do not change but are the same as when first created known as?
Fixity of species

The DNA base Adenine always pairs with which other DNA base?
Thymine

Which of the following is an element of the scientific method?
all of these (hypothesis, observation, experimentation)

Who refined the existing system of classifying biological organisms into a binomial system?
Carolus Linnaeus

A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring is called
A species

According to biological anthropology, humans are primates and are the products of millions of years of evolution by natural selection.
True

Lamarck’s ideas are generally accepted by biologists today.
False

Who proposed that population size increases at faster rate than food supplies?
Thomas Malthus

The two basic types of cells are somatic cells and
Gamates

Which of the following is not one of the subfields of Anthropology in the United States?
Psychology

Culture is learned.
True

Gamates
Transmit genetic information from parent to offspring

What does the term biocultural evolution refer to?
The interaction between biology and culture in human evolution

Human evolution
Is subject to the same forces that have acted upon other organisms


Which of the following nitrogeneous basis is not found in DNA?
Uracil

The sex of a human child depends on:
The sperm carries an X or a Y chromosome

Archbishop James Ussher calculated the age of the Earth using __________.
the Old Testament of the Bible

Mitochondria have their own DNA separate from that within the cell’s nucleus.
True

What strategy is unique to humans develop that allows them to the natural enviornment?
Culture

Prokaryotes are simple cells with just a nucleus but no organelles
False

How many chromosomes occur in normal human somatic cell?
46

The use of the two-level genus-species labels is known as ‘binomial nomenclature’.
True

Lamarckianism holds that __________.
creatures transform and their offspring inherit those transformations

Virtually every cell of the body contains the same copy of DNA.
True

A zygote
Has the potential to develop into a new individual

If the allele for type O blood is recessive and the allele for type A blood is dominant, a person with a A and O alleles would have type __________ blood.
A

Deoxyribonucleic acid has one main function—protein synthesis
False

All scientists immediately accepted Darwin’s revolutionary ideas
False


Biology produced culture, but culture does not influence biology
False

Cell
Are the basic units of life

A zygote
Has the potential to develop into a new individual

What is the belief that species do not change but are the same as when first created known as?
Fixity of species

What is the component of red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport?
Hemoglobin

The DNA base Adenine always pairs with which other DNA base?
Thymine

The discovery of structure of DNA dates back to late 1700s.
False

Mitochondria DNA (mt DNA) is inherited from mother only.
True

Uracil base is found only in RNA molecule.
True

The structure of DNA can be described as a triple helix.
False

The observable physical features of an organism comprise its __________.
Phenotype

Which of the following best defines the term genotype?
the actual alleles an organism carries

A woman with blood type A delivers an O type daughter. Is she justified to accuse a B type man to be biological father of her daughter?
True

People with more melanin are less susceptible to the effects of UVR than people who have less melanin.
True

Allen's rule does not hold for human populations.
False

All non-human primates are quadrupeds.
True

Most haplorhines have a dental formula including:
2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars

Which of the following primate can be found in Madagascar?
lemurs

Relative dating techniques establish the age of a fossil only in comparison to other material found with it.
True

Half-life is half the time it takes for all of the original amount of an unstable isotope to decay into more stable forms.
False

Most living creatures end up as fossils.
False

Today, humans are the only bipedal mammals.
True

Compared to the Australopithecines, members of the genus Homo
have smaller teeth

The earliest stone tools occur in the record starting about  __________ million years ago.
2.5

There is no sexual difference in human adolescent spurt
False

Upper Paleolithic cave art is found almost exclusively in Europe.
False

In almost all primate species, females have larger brains than males.
False

Evidence suggests that modern humans were in Australia before they were in Europe.
True

In industrialized nations, the age of menarche will be  __________ than in non-industrialized nations.
younger

__________ is the subfield of biological anthropology concerned with issues of health and illness.
Biomedical anthropology

Which of the following is typical of the gestational stage?
rapid development

Which of the following is unique to humans?
the adolescent growth spurt

Aging may be the result of  __________.
all of these

While the femur of a quadruped is straight, the femur of a biped is __________.
angled inward to the knee

In most primate species, males rarely participate in infant care.
True

Fossils can be used to reconstruct ancient animal communities and therefore make inferences about ancient environments and habitats.
True

Social monogamy is not necessarily reproductive monogamy.
True

Most haplorhines have a dental formula including __________.
The haplorrhines have the dental formula including
2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, and 3 molars

Primates usually have               at the ends of their digits.
flat nails

Research has produced evidence that higher primates use deception __________ than lower primates.
more often

Which of the following are more closely related to ourselves?
Which of the following is most related to us?
bonobos

Half-life is half the time it takes for all of the original amount of an unstable isotope to decay into more stable forms.
False

Primates have the greatest __________ of any mammalian group.
brain to body size ratio

Which of the following can be found on Madagascar?
lemurs

Old World monkeys, apes, and humans are in the infraorder __________.
Catarrhini

Relative dating techniques establish the age of a fossil only in comparison to other material found with it.
True

Most living creatures end up as fossils.
False

Which is most likely to be preserved by fossilization?
bones and teeth

Today, humans are the only bipedal mammals.
True

The length of the arms decreased in hominin species over time because __________.
the arms were no longer weight bearing

A woman with blood type A has delivered an O type son. She accuses a man with an AB blood type to be her son's biological father. True or False?
False

A bipedal foot contains both a transverse and a longitudinal arch.
True

The __________ is the hole in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord connects to the brain.
foramen magnum

The strepsirhine infraorder includes __________.
The sterpsirhine infraorder includes:
lemurs

Female nonhuman primates play little role in choosing mates.
False

Radiocarbon dating is the primary technique for dating  __________.
organic material

The New World monkeys are classified in the infraorder __________.
The new world monkeys are classified in which infraorder
Platyrrhinii

Among the earliest developments in the hominin family is __________.
bipedal locomotion

Primates are the members of the which group
Eutheria

'Lucy' is same as Homo erectus.
False

Potassium-Argon is a relative dating method.
False

Anorexia nervosa only occurs in North America.
False

Humans are the only primates that have menopause.
True

There is no sexual difference in human adolescent spurt.
False

In almost all primate species, females have larger brains than males.
False

A human infant’s brain is nearly as large as an adult chimpanzee brain.
True

Old World Monkeys are closer to humans than the New World Monkeys.
True

Modern humans exhibit a decline in brain size compared with Neadertals.
True

Modern human throat anatomy are associated with a great risk of choking.
True

We are anatomically specialized both to produce language and process language-oriented sounds.
True

The processes of growth and development remain constant, regardless of environmental conditions.
False

People that are lactose intolerance have no difficulty in digesting milk sugar after the first few years of their life.
False

Loss of body hair during human evolution may have resulted from thermoregulatory adaptation to sweating in hot climate.
True

One of the best-documented cases of natural selection in humans is the relationship between malaria and hemoglobin s (Hbs)
True

Which dating method was applied on the 'Ice man' also know as Otzi man?
Radio Acive carbon dioxide

The main byproduct of plant photosynthesis is:
oxygen

The 'vitamin D hypothesis' held that dark skin would be a a disadvantage in norterh climates, since lack of Vitaamin D would lead to
Rickets

Lucy is significant because  __________.
the very complete nature of the skeleton

In most people's brain, the language centers appear
on the left hemisphere

The __________ is a space in the tooth row that allows the canine of the lower jaw to slide past the third premolar in apes and early hominins.
diastema

Which was the first hominin to leave Africa?
H. erectus

The footprints at Laetoli were made by  __________.
Australopithecus afarensis

Lucy was discovered by Donald Johanson at Hadar, in the Awash Valley of  __________ in 1974.
Ethiopia

The famous fossil specimen "Lucy" is a representative of which Australopithecine species?
afarensis

In industrialized nations, the age of menarche will be  __________ than in non-industrialized nations.
younger

The earliest stone tools occur in the record starting about  __________ million years ago.
2.5

Taiwanese sim-pua marriages do not do as well as other marriages in Taiwan because  __________.
the couple was raised together as children

The two parts of the skeleton that most readily reveal sex are the
pelvis and skull

The footprints at Laetoli in Tanzania date to about __________.
3.6 million years ago

Some paleoanthropologists refer to the earliest H. erectus as H. __________.
ergaster

The dental arcade of modern humans is __________, while that of apes is__________.
curved/ U-shaped

The Taung child was identified by  __________.
Raymond Dart

'Lucy' is same as Australopithecus africanus
False

The Chimpanzee diet includes __________.
The chimpanzee diet includes which of the following:
fruit
meat
insects
all of these

In general, primates are typified by __________.
large brains
grasping hands
a high degree of learned behavior
all of these

In general, primates are typified by __________.
large brains
grasping hands
a high degree of learned behavior
all of these

A fossil can be studied to learn __________.
its age
the kind of organism it represents
the environment is which the original creature lived
all of these

Which of the following is largest?
Which of the following is the largest in size among non-human primatwes?
bonobos
orangutans
gibbons
all of these

Biological anthropologists are interested in nonhuman primates because __________.
we share a common ancestry
because they are intrinsically interesting
studying their evolutionary history can teach us about evolutionary processes in general
all of these

Symptoms of hypoxia include
nauseas
head ache
loss of appetite
all of these

Growth and development is charted using  __________.
height
head circumference
cognitive skills
all of these

Signs of health and disease in individuals provide bioarchaeologists with insight into __________.
the health status of a past population
the evolution of disease
nutritional status over time
all of these

Illness is a product of  __________.
genes
culture
environment                                
all of these

Human behavior can be studied at the  __________ level.
Individual
population
species
all of these

Agricultural populations may be more vulnerable to infectious disease due to their  __________.
higher populations
sedentary lifestyle
limited access to a variety of water sources
all of these

What part of the body grows earliest
legs
brain
sex organs
pelvic girdle

Which dental trait is a characteristic of only apes and hominid?
large molars
long pointy canine teeth
Y-5 cusp pattern on some molars
all the above

Which of the following is not a short-term response to cold?
shivering
vasodilation
vasoconstriction
Increased metabolic rate

The force of evolution, which is significant when small human populations become isolated is
Mutation
Gene flow
Genetic drift
Founders' effect

Which of the following is unique to humans?
puberty
gestation
the adolescent growth spurt
altricial offspring
Y-5 pattern

The biocultural view  __________.
focuses solely on the role of culture variables of disease
focuses mostly on disease’s biological and environmental variables
takes into account both biological and cultural aspects of disease
does not include the role of behavior and its influence on disease