The quote is a specific 12-word phrase - no more, no less - that in itself constitutes a complete sentence, even though it is part of a longer statement.
Friday, February 1, 2013
Religions - Huston Smith’s most significant comment
Huston Smith makes perhaps his most perceptive comment in the book Illustrated World's Religions on page 19. We are looking for a genuine INSIGHT, not merely a creative way of stating the obvious.
The quote is a specific 12-word phrase - no more, no less - that in itself constitutes a complete sentence, even though it is part of a longer statement.
The quote is a specific 12-word phrase - no more, no less - that in itself constitutes a complete sentence, even though it is part of a longer statement.
Biological/Physical Anthropology
What is the belief that species do not change but are the same as when first created known as?
Fixity of species
The DNA base Adenine always pairs with which other DNA base?
Thymine
Which of the following is an element of the scientific method?
all of these (hypothesis, observation, experimentation)
Who refined the existing system of classifying biological organisms into a binomial system?
Carolus Linnaeus
A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring is called
A species
According to biological anthropology, humans are primates and are the products of millions of years of evolution by natural selection.
True
Lamarck’s ideas are generally accepted by biologists today.
False
Who proposed that population size increases at faster rate than food supplies?
Thomas Malthus
The two basic types of cells are somatic cells and
Gamates
Which of the following is not one of the subfields of Anthropology in the United States?
Psychology
Culture is learned.
True
Gamates
Transmit genetic information from parent to offspring
What does the term biocultural evolution refer to?
The interaction between biology and culture in human evolution
Human evolution
Is subject to the same forces that have acted upon other organisms
Which of the following nitrogeneous basis is not found in DNA?
Uracil
The sex of a human child depends on:
The sperm carries an X or a Y chromosome
Archbishop James Ussher calculated the age of the Earth using __________.
the Old Testament of the Bible
Mitochondria have their own DNA separate from that within the cell’s nucleus.
True
What strategy is unique to humans develop that allows them to the natural enviornment?
Culture
Prokaryotes are simple cells with just a nucleus but no organelles
False
How many chromosomes occur in normal human somatic cell?
46
The use of the two-level genus-species labels is known as ‘binomial nomenclature’.
True
Lamarckianism holds that __________.
creatures transform and their offspring inherit those transformations
Virtually every cell of the body contains the same copy of DNA.
True
A zygote
Has the potential to develop into a new individual
If the allele for type O blood is recessive and the allele for type A blood is dominant, a person with a A and O alleles would have type __________ blood.
A
Deoxyribonucleic acid has one main function—protein synthesis
False
All scientists immediately accepted Darwin’s revolutionary ideas
False
Biology produced culture, but culture does not influence biology
False
Cell
Are the basic units of life
A zygote
Has the potential to develop into a new individual
What is the belief that species do not change but are the same as when first created known as?
Fixity of species
What is the component of red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport?
Hemoglobin
The DNA base Adenine always pairs with which other DNA base?
Thymine
The discovery of structure of DNA dates back to late 1700s.
False
Mitochondria DNA (mt DNA) is inherited from mother only.
True
Uracil base is found only in RNA molecule.
True
The structure of DNA can be described as a triple helix.
False
The observable physical features of an organism comprise its __________.
Phenotype
Which of the following best defines the term genotype?
the actual alleles an organism carries
A woman with blood type A delivers an O type daughter. Is she justified to accuse a B type man to be biological father of her daughter?
True
People with more melanin are less susceptible to the effects of UVR than people who have less melanin.
True
Allen's rule does not hold for human populations.
False
All non-human primates are quadrupeds.
True
Most haplorhines have a dental formula including:
2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars
Which of the following primate can be found in Madagascar?
lemurs
Relative dating techniques establish the age of a fossil only in comparison to other material found with it.
True
Half-life is half the time it takes for all of the original amount of an unstable isotope to decay into more stable forms.
False
Most living creatures end up as fossils.
False
Today, humans are the only bipedal mammals.
True
Compared to the Australopithecines, members of the genus Homo
have smaller teeth
The earliest stone tools occur in the record starting about __________ million years ago.
2.5
There is no sexual difference in human adolescent spurt
False
Upper Paleolithic cave art is found almost exclusively in Europe.
False
In almost all primate species, females have larger brains than males.
False
Evidence suggests that modern humans were in Australia before they were in Europe.
True
In industrialized nations, the age of menarche will be __________ than in non-industrialized nations.
younger
__________ is the subfield of biological anthropology concerned with issues of health and illness.
Biomedical anthropology
Which of the following is typical of the gestational stage?
rapid development
Which of the following is unique to humans?
the adolescent growth spurt
Aging may be the result of __________.
all of these
While the femur of a quadruped is straight, the femur of a biped is __________.
angled inward to the knee
In most primate species, males rarely participate in infant care.
True
Fossils can be used to reconstruct ancient animal communities and therefore make inferences about ancient environments and habitats.
True
Social monogamy is not necessarily reproductive monogamy.
True
Most haplorhines have a dental formula including __________.
The haplorrhines have the dental formula including
2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, and 3 molars
Primates usually have at the ends of their digits.
flat nails
Research has produced evidence that higher primates use deception __________ than lower primates.
more often
Which of the following are more closely related to ourselves?
Which of the following is most related to us?
bonobos
Half-life is half the time it takes for all of the original amount of an unstable isotope to decay into more stable forms.
False
Primates have the greatest __________ of any mammalian group.
brain to body size ratio
Which of the following can be found on Madagascar?
lemurs
Old World monkeys, apes, and humans are in the infraorder __________.
Catarrhini
Relative dating techniques establish the age of a fossil only in comparison to other material found with it.
True
Most living creatures end up as fossils.
False
Which is most likely to be preserved by fossilization?
bones and teeth
Today, humans are the only bipedal mammals.
True
The length of the arms decreased in hominin species over time because __________.
the arms were no longer weight bearing
A woman with blood type A has delivered an O type son. She accuses a man with an AB blood type to be her son's biological father. True or False?
False
A bipedal foot contains both a transverse and a longitudinal arch.
True
The __________ is the hole in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord connects to the brain.
foramen magnum
The strepsirhine infraorder includes __________.
The sterpsirhine infraorder includes:
lemurs
Female nonhuman primates play little role in choosing mates.
False
Radiocarbon dating is the primary technique for dating __________.
organic material
The New World monkeys are classified in the infraorder __________.
The new world monkeys are classified in which infraorder
Platyrrhinii
Among the earliest developments in the hominin family is __________.
bipedal locomotion
Primates are the members of the which group
Eutheria
'Lucy' is same as Homo erectus.
False
Potassium-Argon is a relative dating method.
False
Anorexia nervosa only occurs in North America.
False
Humans are the only primates that have menopause.
True
There is no sexual difference in human adolescent spurt.
False
In almost all primate species, females have larger brains than males.
False
A human infant’s brain is nearly as large as an adult chimpanzee brain.
True
Old World Monkeys are closer to humans than the New World Monkeys.
True
Modern humans exhibit a decline in brain size compared with Neadertals.
True
Modern human throat anatomy are associated with a great risk of choking.
True
We are anatomically specialized both to produce language and process language-oriented sounds.
True
The processes of growth and development remain constant, regardless of environmental conditions.
False
People that are lactose intolerance have no difficulty in digesting milk sugar after the first few years of their life.
False
Loss of body hair during human evolution may have resulted from thermoregulatory adaptation to sweating in hot climate.
True
One of the best-documented cases of natural selection in humans is the relationship between malaria and hemoglobin s (Hbs)
True
Which dating method was applied on the 'Ice man' also know as Otzi man?
Radio Acive carbon dioxide
The main byproduct of plant photosynthesis is:
oxygen
The 'vitamin D hypothesis' held that dark skin would be a a disadvantage in norterh climates, since lack of Vitaamin D would lead to
Rickets
Lucy is significant because __________.
the very complete nature of the skeleton
In most people's brain, the language centers appear
on the left hemisphere
The __________ is a space in the tooth row that allows the canine of the lower jaw to slide past the third premolar in apes and early hominins.
diastema
Which was the first hominin to leave Africa?
H. erectus
The footprints at Laetoli were made by __________.
Australopithecus afarensis
Lucy was discovered by Donald Johanson at Hadar, in the Awash Valley of __________ in 1974.
Ethiopia
The famous fossil specimen "Lucy" is a representative of which Australopithecine species?
afarensis
In industrialized nations, the age of menarche will be __________ than in non-industrialized nations.
younger
The earliest stone tools occur in the record starting about __________ million years ago.
2.5
Taiwanese sim-pua marriages do not do as well as other marriages in Taiwan because __________.
the couple was raised together as children
The two parts of the skeleton that most readily reveal sex are the
pelvis and skull
The footprints at Laetoli in Tanzania date to about __________.
3.6 million years ago
Some paleoanthropologists refer to the earliest H. erectus as H. __________.
ergaster
The dental arcade of modern humans is __________, while that of apes is__________.
curved/ U-shaped
The Taung child was identified by __________.
Raymond Dart
'Lucy' is same as Australopithecus africanus
False
The Chimpanzee diet includes __________.
The chimpanzee diet includes which of the following:
fruit
meat
insects
all of these
In general, primates are typified by __________.
large brains
grasping hands
a high degree of learned behavior
all of these
In general, primates are typified by __________.
large brains
grasping hands
a high degree of learned behavior
all of these
A fossil can be studied to learn __________.
its age
the kind of organism it represents
the environment is which the original creature lived
all of these
Which of the following is largest?
Which of the following is the largest in size among non-human primatwes?
bonobos
orangutans
gibbons
all of these
Biological anthropologists are interested in nonhuman primates because __________.
we share a common ancestry
because they are intrinsically interesting
studying their evolutionary history can teach us about evolutionary processes in general
all of these
Symptoms of hypoxia include
nauseas
head ache
loss of appetite
all of these
Growth and development is charted using __________.
height
head circumference
cognitive skills
all of these
Signs of health and disease in individuals provide bioarchaeologists with insight into __________.
the health status of a past population
the evolution of disease
nutritional status over time
all of these
Illness is a product of __________.
genes
culture
environment
all of these
Human behavior can be studied at the __________ level.
Individual
population
species
all of these
Agricultural populations may be more vulnerable to infectious disease due to their __________.
higher populations
sedentary lifestyle
limited access to a variety of water sources
all of these
What part of the body grows earliest
legs
brain
sex organs
pelvic girdle
Which dental trait is a characteristic of only apes and hominid?
large molars
long pointy canine teeth
Y-5 cusp pattern on some molars
all the above
Which of the following is not a short-term response to cold?
shivering
vasodilation
vasoconstriction
Increased metabolic rate
The force of evolution, which is significant when small human populations become isolated is
Mutation
Gene flow
Genetic drift
Founders' effect
Which of the following is unique to humans?
puberty
gestation
the adolescent growth spurt
altricial offspring
Y-5 pattern
The biocultural view __________.
focuses solely on the role of culture variables of disease
focuses mostly on disease’s biological and environmental variables
takes into account both biological and cultural aspects of disease
does not include the role of behavior and its influence on disease
Fixity of species
The DNA base Adenine always pairs with which other DNA base?
Thymine
Which of the following is an element of the scientific method?
all of these (hypothesis, observation, experimentation)
Who refined the existing system of classifying biological organisms into a binomial system?
Carolus Linnaeus
A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring is called
A species
According to biological anthropology, humans are primates and are the products of millions of years of evolution by natural selection.
True
Lamarck’s ideas are generally accepted by biologists today.
False
Who proposed that population size increases at faster rate than food supplies?
Thomas Malthus
The two basic types of cells are somatic cells and
Gamates
Which of the following is not one of the subfields of Anthropology in the United States?
Psychology
Culture is learned.
True
Gamates
Transmit genetic information from parent to offspring
What does the term biocultural evolution refer to?
The interaction between biology and culture in human evolution
Human evolution
Is subject to the same forces that have acted upon other organisms
Which of the following nitrogeneous basis is not found in DNA?
Uracil
The sex of a human child depends on:
The sperm carries an X or a Y chromosome
Archbishop James Ussher calculated the age of the Earth using __________.
the Old Testament of the Bible
Mitochondria have their own DNA separate from that within the cell’s nucleus.
True
What strategy is unique to humans develop that allows them to the natural enviornment?
Culture
Prokaryotes are simple cells with just a nucleus but no organelles
False
How many chromosomes occur in normal human somatic cell?
46
The use of the two-level genus-species labels is known as ‘binomial nomenclature’.
True
Lamarckianism holds that __________.
creatures transform and their offspring inherit those transformations
Virtually every cell of the body contains the same copy of DNA.
True
A zygote
Has the potential to develop into a new individual
If the allele for type O blood is recessive and the allele for type A blood is dominant, a person with a A and O alleles would have type __________ blood.
A
Deoxyribonucleic acid has one main function—protein synthesis
False
All scientists immediately accepted Darwin’s revolutionary ideas
False
Biology produced culture, but culture does not influence biology
False
Cell
Are the basic units of life
A zygote
Has the potential to develop into a new individual
What is the belief that species do not change but are the same as when first created known as?
Fixity of species
What is the component of red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport?
Hemoglobin
The DNA base Adenine always pairs with which other DNA base?
Thymine
The discovery of structure of DNA dates back to late 1700s.
False
Mitochondria DNA (mt DNA) is inherited from mother only.
True
Uracil base is found only in RNA molecule.
True
The structure of DNA can be described as a triple helix.
False
The observable physical features of an organism comprise its __________.
Phenotype
Which of the following best defines the term genotype?
the actual alleles an organism carries
A woman with blood type A delivers an O type daughter. Is she justified to accuse a B type man to be biological father of her daughter?
True
People with more melanin are less susceptible to the effects of UVR than people who have less melanin.
True
Allen's rule does not hold for human populations.
False
All non-human primates are quadrupeds.
True
Most haplorhines have a dental formula including:
2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars
Which of the following primate can be found in Madagascar?
lemurs
Relative dating techniques establish the age of a fossil only in comparison to other material found with it.
True
Half-life is half the time it takes for all of the original amount of an unstable isotope to decay into more stable forms.
False
Most living creatures end up as fossils.
False
Today, humans are the only bipedal mammals.
True
Compared to the Australopithecines, members of the genus Homo
have smaller teeth
The earliest stone tools occur in the record starting about __________ million years ago.
2.5
There is no sexual difference in human adolescent spurt
False
Upper Paleolithic cave art is found almost exclusively in Europe.
False
In almost all primate species, females have larger brains than males.
False
Evidence suggests that modern humans were in Australia before they were in Europe.
True
In industrialized nations, the age of menarche will be __________ than in non-industrialized nations.
younger
__________ is the subfield of biological anthropology concerned with issues of health and illness.
Biomedical anthropology
Which of the following is typical of the gestational stage?
rapid development
Which of the following is unique to humans?
the adolescent growth spurt
Aging may be the result of __________.
all of these
While the femur of a quadruped is straight, the femur of a biped is __________.
angled inward to the knee
In most primate species, males rarely participate in infant care.
True
Fossils can be used to reconstruct ancient animal communities and therefore make inferences about ancient environments and habitats.
True
Social monogamy is not necessarily reproductive monogamy.
True
Most haplorhines have a dental formula including __________.
The haplorrhines have the dental formula including
2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, and 3 molars
Primates usually have at the ends of their digits.
flat nails
Research has produced evidence that higher primates use deception __________ than lower primates.
more often
Which of the following are more closely related to ourselves?
Which of the following is most related to us?
bonobos
Half-life is half the time it takes for all of the original amount of an unstable isotope to decay into more stable forms.
False
Primates have the greatest __________ of any mammalian group.
brain to body size ratio
Which of the following can be found on Madagascar?
lemurs
Old World monkeys, apes, and humans are in the infraorder __________.
Catarrhini
Relative dating techniques establish the age of a fossil only in comparison to other material found with it.
True
Most living creatures end up as fossils.
False
Which is most likely to be preserved by fossilization?
bones and teeth
Today, humans are the only bipedal mammals.
True
The length of the arms decreased in hominin species over time because __________.
the arms were no longer weight bearing
A woman with blood type A has delivered an O type son. She accuses a man with an AB blood type to be her son's biological father. True or False?
False
A bipedal foot contains both a transverse and a longitudinal arch.
True
The __________ is the hole in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord connects to the brain.
foramen magnum
The strepsirhine infraorder includes __________.
The sterpsirhine infraorder includes:
lemurs
Female nonhuman primates play little role in choosing mates.
False
Radiocarbon dating is the primary technique for dating __________.
organic material
The New World monkeys are classified in the infraorder __________.
The new world monkeys are classified in which infraorder
Platyrrhinii
Among the earliest developments in the hominin family is __________.
bipedal locomotion
Primates are the members of the which group
Eutheria
'Lucy' is same as Homo erectus.
False
Potassium-Argon is a relative dating method.
False
Anorexia nervosa only occurs in North America.
False
Humans are the only primates that have menopause.
True
There is no sexual difference in human adolescent spurt.
False
In almost all primate species, females have larger brains than males.
False
A human infant’s brain is nearly as large as an adult chimpanzee brain.
True
Old World Monkeys are closer to humans than the New World Monkeys.
True
Modern humans exhibit a decline in brain size compared with Neadertals.
True
Modern human throat anatomy are associated with a great risk of choking.
True
We are anatomically specialized both to produce language and process language-oriented sounds.
True
The processes of growth and development remain constant, regardless of environmental conditions.
False
People that are lactose intolerance have no difficulty in digesting milk sugar after the first few years of their life.
False
Loss of body hair during human evolution may have resulted from thermoregulatory adaptation to sweating in hot climate.
True
One of the best-documented cases of natural selection in humans is the relationship between malaria and hemoglobin s (Hbs)
True
Which dating method was applied on the 'Ice man' also know as Otzi man?
Radio Acive carbon dioxide
The main byproduct of plant photosynthesis is:
oxygen
The 'vitamin D hypothesis' held that dark skin would be a a disadvantage in norterh climates, since lack of Vitaamin D would lead to
Rickets
Lucy is significant because __________.
the very complete nature of the skeleton
In most people's brain, the language centers appear
on the left hemisphere
The __________ is a space in the tooth row that allows the canine of the lower jaw to slide past the third premolar in apes and early hominins.
diastema
Which was the first hominin to leave Africa?
H. erectus
The footprints at Laetoli were made by __________.
Australopithecus afarensis
Lucy was discovered by Donald Johanson at Hadar, in the Awash Valley of __________ in 1974.
Ethiopia
The famous fossil specimen "Lucy" is a representative of which Australopithecine species?
afarensis
In industrialized nations, the age of menarche will be __________ than in non-industrialized nations.
younger
The earliest stone tools occur in the record starting about __________ million years ago.
2.5
Taiwanese sim-pua marriages do not do as well as other marriages in Taiwan because __________.
the couple was raised together as children
The two parts of the skeleton that most readily reveal sex are the
pelvis and skull
The footprints at Laetoli in Tanzania date to about __________.
3.6 million years ago
Some paleoanthropologists refer to the earliest H. erectus as H. __________.
ergaster
The dental arcade of modern humans is __________, while that of apes is__________.
curved/ U-shaped
The Taung child was identified by __________.
Raymond Dart
'Lucy' is same as Australopithecus africanus
False
The Chimpanzee diet includes __________.
The chimpanzee diet includes which of the following:
fruit
meat
insects
all of these
In general, primates are typified by __________.
large brains
grasping hands
a high degree of learned behavior
all of these
In general, primates are typified by __________.
large brains
grasping hands
a high degree of learned behavior
all of these
A fossil can be studied to learn __________.
its age
the kind of organism it represents
the environment is which the original creature lived
all of these
Which of the following is largest?
Which of the following is the largest in size among non-human primatwes?
bonobos
orangutans
gibbons
all of these
Biological anthropologists are interested in nonhuman primates because __________.
we share a common ancestry
because they are intrinsically interesting
studying their evolutionary history can teach us about evolutionary processes in general
all of these
Symptoms of hypoxia include
nauseas
head ache
loss of appetite
all of these
Growth and development is charted using __________.
height
head circumference
cognitive skills
all of these
Signs of health and disease in individuals provide bioarchaeologists with insight into __________.
the health status of a past population
the evolution of disease
nutritional status over time
all of these
Illness is a product of __________.
genes
culture
environment
all of these
Human behavior can be studied at the __________ level.
Individual
population
species
all of these
Agricultural populations may be more vulnerable to infectious disease due to their __________.
higher populations
sedentary lifestyle
limited access to a variety of water sources
all of these
What part of the body grows earliest
legs
brain
sex organs
pelvic girdle
Which dental trait is a characteristic of only apes and hominid?
large molars
long pointy canine teeth
Y-5 cusp pattern on some molars
all the above
Which of the following is not a short-term response to cold?
shivering
vasodilation
vasoconstriction
Increased metabolic rate
The force of evolution, which is significant when small human populations become isolated is
Mutation
Gene flow
Genetic drift
Founders' effect
Which of the following is unique to humans?
puberty
gestation
the adolescent growth spurt
altricial offspring
Y-5 pattern
The biocultural view __________.
focuses solely on the role of culture variables of disease
focuses mostly on disease’s biological and environmental variables
takes into account both biological and cultural aspects of disease
does not include the role of behavior and its influence on disease
Introduction to Chemistry
A sample is found to be slightly compressible and has a definite volume, but indefinite shape. The sample is most likely a
liquid
An example of a chemcial change is
burning gasoline
Boyle's Law is an example of
an indirect mathematical relationship between two variables (pressure and volume)
Choose the state of water in which the water molecules are farthest apart on average.
steam (vapor)
Theories, such as Dalton's Atomic Theory or the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases have which of the following in common?
both explain and predict observed phenomena
While an object is falling to the ground, its potential energy due to location is decreasing.
True
When elements combine to form compounds, those compounds have the properties that are completely different from those of the elements from which they were made.
True
Charles' Law states that the volume of a given amount of gas will increase if the temperature of the gas is increased.
True
The element potassium (K) is a good conductor of electricity and is malleable.
True
All gases have fairly low densities.
True
When milk goes "sour", only a physical change has occured.
False
The particles in a solid do not move at all.
False
The main focus of applied research is to gain greater understanding of how the natural world operates.
False
According to the law of conservation of energy, an object stays at constant speed as it falls.
False
The isotope lead-208 contains
126 neutrons
The mass number and identity for an atom composed of 17 protons, 20 neutrons and 17 electrons would be
37, chlorine
How many valence electrons does an arsenic (As) atom have?
5
In shorthand notation, the electron configuration for a calcium atom would be:
2.8.8.2
The atomic mass listed next to each element on the periodic table is the:
average atomic mass based on the relative natural abundance of the isotopes of the element
How many protons are there in an atom of uranium-238?
92
An alpha particle is identical to
a helium-4 nucleus
During beta decay
a neutron turns into a proton
Iodine-131 has a half-life of 8 days. How much of a 10 gram sample remains after 16 days?
2.5 grams
During alpha emission, the mass number of the radioactive isotope
decreases by 4
When a radioactive nucleus transforms spontaneously to a new, different nucleus and emits radiation, the process is called
transmutation
An ionic bond is usually formed between
a metal and a nonmetal
In a molecule of the diatomic element nitrogen (N2), what type of bond exists between the two nitrogen atoms?
a triple covalent bond
In a double bond, two atoms share a total of ______ electrons.
4
Dalton was absolutely correct in his statement that all atoms of the same element are identical.
False
Nuclei are held together by electrical forces.
False
The charge on a stable aluminum (Al) ion would be negative three (3-).
False
The electron configuration for a Si atom would be written as 2.8.8.4.
False
The number of protons is always equal to the number of electrons for any given atom.
True
Compounds must always overall be neutral in charge.
True
A salt sample is place into some water and all quickly dissolves. To this solution, more salt is added and also dissolves. What is the best description of the original solution?
unsaturated
Carbon dioxide contains _____ polar bonds and the entire molecule is best classified as _________.
2, nonpolar
Electronegativity is the attraction an atom has towards
shared electrons
For nonpolar molecules, the most significant type of intermolecular forces are
induced dipole-induced dipole
How are ion-dipole interactions able to break apart the relatively strong ionic bond when an ionic solute dissolves into a polar solvent?
many weaker ion-dipole interactions work together to pull apart the stronger ionic bond
How many atoms of carbon (C) are in 24.0 grams of carbon?
2 moles of atoms
If a molecule has a molecular (or electron) geometry that is tetrahedral, how many substituents are surrounding the central atom of the molecule?
4
It is easy to induce a dipole in an iodine atom because
electrons find it easy to group to one side because of iodine's large size
What type of bond might you expect between a carbon atom and bromine atom?
polar covalent
The total number of valence electrons used in drawing a Lewis structure for PCl3 would be:
26
The correct shape for a methane (CH4) molecule would be:
tetrahedral
What exactly is a hydrogen bond?
a strong dipole-dipole interaction involving a hydrogem atom from one molecule and a very electronegative element from another molecule
When water at 4 degrees Celcius is heated it expands. When water at 4 degrees Celcius is cooled it
expands
When a solid is changed to a liquid state, the solid
absorbs energy
The desert sand is very hot in the day and very cool at night. What does this tell you about the specific heat capacity of the sand?
Its specific heat capacity is small
The term "balanced" as applied to chemical equations means:
the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation
A catalyst will
decrease the activation energy for a reaction
What is the mass of a single lithium (Li) atom in amu's ?
6.9
What is the mass of 1 mole of lithium (Li) atoms?
6.9 g
For the balanced reaction: 3 H2 + N2 ----> 2 NH3, how many moles of ammonia (NH3) will be produced from 4.0 moles of nitrogen (N2)?
8 moles
5.0 grams of iron (Fe) would have a larger increase in temperature with the addition of 1000 joules of energy than 5.0 grams of gold (Au). You may want to refer to the table of specific heat capacities in chapter 8 of your text to answer this question.
False
If a molecule contains 2 or more polar bonds, than the entire molecule is never nonpolar.
False
Soap and grime are attracted to each other by induced dipole-induced dipole interactions.
True
If a molecule contains only 1 polar bond, than the entire molecule is polar.
True
Reduction can be defined as the
gain of electrons
In an electrochemical battery (galvanic cell)
the anode is where oxidation takes place
Under what conditions does an oxidizing agent donate electrons?
when a reducing agent is present
When two half-reactions are added together in an oxidation-reduction reaction,
there should be no electrons shown in the overall equation.
The chemical reaction that takes place during electrolysis is
forced to take place by the addition of energy
A carbon atom has been oxidized when it
gains oxygen atoms
How many carbons are in butane?
4
A bromine atom has how many valence electrons?
7
For nonpolar molecules, the most significant type of intermolecular forces are
induced dipole-induced dipole
Isotopes are atoms that have
same number of protons, different number of neutrons
When a radioactive nucleus undergoes beta decay, the number of protons
increases by one
The atomic number of an atom is equal to
the number of protons in the nucleus
What would happen to the mass of an iron bar when it rusts? (assume the rust does not fall off the iron bar)
the mass would increase because it is gaining oxygen atoms
When a sodium atom becomes a stable ion, its charge is
+1
Electromagnetic radiation (light) that has a very small wavelength would have
a high frequency
Was the fat isolated from potato chips in lab soluble in water?
no
Alkenes are a type of hydrocarbon derivative.
False
An oxiding agent is oxidized during a chemical reaction.
False
A measurement of 43.22 mL has more uncertainty than a measurement of 43.2 mL.
False
Carbon atoms are most stable when they make four bonds.
True
A measurement of 43.22 mL has more uncertainty than a measurement of 43.2 mL.
True
Silicon is an example of an element that would be classified as a metaloid.
True
Voltaic cells will work spontaneously.
True
liquid
An example of a chemcial change is
burning gasoline
Boyle's Law is an example of
an indirect mathematical relationship between two variables (pressure and volume)
Choose the state of water in which the water molecules are farthest apart on average.
steam (vapor)
Theories, such as Dalton's Atomic Theory or the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases have which of the following in common?
both explain and predict observed phenomena
While an object is falling to the ground, its potential energy due to location is decreasing.
True
When elements combine to form compounds, those compounds have the properties that are completely different from those of the elements from which they were made.
True
Charles' Law states that the volume of a given amount of gas will increase if the temperature of the gas is increased.
True
The element potassium (K) is a good conductor of electricity and is malleable.
True
All gases have fairly low densities.
True
When milk goes "sour", only a physical change has occured.
False
The particles in a solid do not move at all.
False
The main focus of applied research is to gain greater understanding of how the natural world operates.
False
According to the law of conservation of energy, an object stays at constant speed as it falls.
False
The isotope lead-208 contains
126 neutrons
The mass number and identity for an atom composed of 17 protons, 20 neutrons and 17 electrons would be
37, chlorine
How many valence electrons does an arsenic (As) atom have?
5
In shorthand notation, the electron configuration for a calcium atom would be:
2.8.8.2
The atomic mass listed next to each element on the periodic table is the:
average atomic mass based on the relative natural abundance of the isotopes of the element
How many protons are there in an atom of uranium-238?
92
An alpha particle is identical to
a helium-4 nucleus
During beta decay
a neutron turns into a proton
Iodine-131 has a half-life of 8 days. How much of a 10 gram sample remains after 16 days?
2.5 grams
During alpha emission, the mass number of the radioactive isotope
decreases by 4
When a radioactive nucleus transforms spontaneously to a new, different nucleus and emits radiation, the process is called
transmutation
An ionic bond is usually formed between
a metal and a nonmetal
In a molecule of the diatomic element nitrogen (N2), what type of bond exists between the two nitrogen atoms?
a triple covalent bond
In a double bond, two atoms share a total of ______ electrons.
4
Dalton was absolutely correct in his statement that all atoms of the same element are identical.
False
Nuclei are held together by electrical forces.
False
The charge on a stable aluminum (Al) ion would be negative three (3-).
False
The electron configuration for a Si atom would be written as 2.8.8.4.
False
The number of protons is always equal to the number of electrons for any given atom.
True
Compounds must always overall be neutral in charge.
True
A salt sample is place into some water and all quickly dissolves. To this solution, more salt is added and also dissolves. What is the best description of the original solution?
unsaturated
Carbon dioxide contains _____ polar bonds and the entire molecule is best classified as _________.
2, nonpolar
Electronegativity is the attraction an atom has towards
shared electrons
For nonpolar molecules, the most significant type of intermolecular forces are
induced dipole-induced dipole
How are ion-dipole interactions able to break apart the relatively strong ionic bond when an ionic solute dissolves into a polar solvent?
many weaker ion-dipole interactions work together to pull apart the stronger ionic bond
How many atoms of carbon (C) are in 24.0 grams of carbon?
2 moles of atoms
If a molecule has a molecular (or electron) geometry that is tetrahedral, how many substituents are surrounding the central atom of the molecule?
4
It is easy to induce a dipole in an iodine atom because
electrons find it easy to group to one side because of iodine's large size
What type of bond might you expect between a carbon atom and bromine atom?
polar covalent
The total number of valence electrons used in drawing a Lewis structure for PCl3 would be:
26
The correct shape for a methane (CH4) molecule would be:
tetrahedral
What exactly is a hydrogen bond?
a strong dipole-dipole interaction involving a hydrogem atom from one molecule and a very electronegative element from another molecule
When water at 4 degrees Celcius is heated it expands. When water at 4 degrees Celcius is cooled it
expands
When a solid is changed to a liquid state, the solid
absorbs energy
The desert sand is very hot in the day and very cool at night. What does this tell you about the specific heat capacity of the sand?
Its specific heat capacity is small
The term "balanced" as applied to chemical equations means:
the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation
A catalyst will
decrease the activation energy for a reaction
What is the mass of a single lithium (Li) atom in amu's ?
6.9
What is the mass of 1 mole of lithium (Li) atoms?
6.9 g
For the balanced reaction: 3 H2 + N2 ----> 2 NH3, how many moles of ammonia (NH3) will be produced from 4.0 moles of nitrogen (N2)?
8 moles
5.0 grams of iron (Fe) would have a larger increase in temperature with the addition of 1000 joules of energy than 5.0 grams of gold (Au). You may want to refer to the table of specific heat capacities in chapter 8 of your text to answer this question.
False
If a molecule contains 2 or more polar bonds, than the entire molecule is never nonpolar.
False
Soap and grime are attracted to each other by induced dipole-induced dipole interactions.
True
If a molecule contains only 1 polar bond, than the entire molecule is polar.
True
Reduction can be defined as the
gain of electrons
In an electrochemical battery (galvanic cell)
the anode is where oxidation takes place
Under what conditions does an oxidizing agent donate electrons?
when a reducing agent is present
When two half-reactions are added together in an oxidation-reduction reaction,
there should be no electrons shown in the overall equation.
The chemical reaction that takes place during electrolysis is
forced to take place by the addition of energy
A carbon atom has been oxidized when it
gains oxygen atoms
How many carbons are in butane?
4
A bromine atom has how many valence electrons?
7
For nonpolar molecules, the most significant type of intermolecular forces are
induced dipole-induced dipole
Isotopes are atoms that have
same number of protons, different number of neutrons
When a radioactive nucleus undergoes beta decay, the number of protons
increases by one
The atomic number of an atom is equal to
the number of protons in the nucleus
What would happen to the mass of an iron bar when it rusts? (assume the rust does not fall off the iron bar)
the mass would increase because it is gaining oxygen atoms
When a sodium atom becomes a stable ion, its charge is
+1
Electromagnetic radiation (light) that has a very small wavelength would have
a high frequency
Was the fat isolated from potato chips in lab soluble in water?
no
Alkenes are a type of hydrocarbon derivative.
False
An oxiding agent is oxidized during a chemical reaction.
False
A measurement of 43.22 mL has more uncertainty than a measurement of 43.2 mL.
False
Carbon atoms are most stable when they make four bonds.
True
A measurement of 43.22 mL has more uncertainty than a measurement of 43.2 mL.
True
Silicon is an example of an element that would be classified as a metaloid.
True
Voltaic cells will work spontaneously.
True
Introduction to Biology
The volume between two adjacent numbers on a 5 ml pipette is equal to how many milliliters?
1
Volumes in graduated cylinders and pipettes are always measured at what part of the meniscus?
bottom
The volume between two adjacent numbers on a 1 ml pipette is equal to how many milliliters?
0.1
Spirogyra is an example of a(an):
alga
If a microscopic field measures 1000 microns and 2 cells that are equal in length extend half way across the field, what is the length of 1 cell in microns?
250
Paramecium is an example of a(an):
one-celled animal
In caring for a microscope, it is important to:
carry it with 2 hands
What item is used in this exercise to measure the microscopic field?
plastic ruler
If the objective lens has a magnification of 40x and the ocular lens 15x, the total magnification is equal to
600x
What is another name for a human red blood cell?
erythrocyte
The eyepiece on a microscope houses a
ocular lens
If the slope value is 0.2, how much change in the Y variable will there be for every unit increase in the X variable?
0.2
Inferential tests:
may apply to populations outside the study group
A regression line essentially represents:
an averaging of the Y data along the X axis.
Descriptive statistics:
analyzes data about a particular group of observations etc...
A population in statistical terms:
is any group of subjects
Deviation is:
the distance of any measurement from the mean
Research can be generally defined as
gathering and analyzing data with the intention of adding to current knowledge
Sloping the machine:
sets the point of 0 % Transmission
If a sample shows a high O.D. reading, the % Transmission will probably be:
low
Peak absorbance of a compound is the wavelength of light that:
is most readily absorbed
The larger the mass of a molecule
the slower it moves
Molecules move the most freely in
gases
Diffusion is a process where particles move
from high to low concentration
Brownian movement occurs as a result of
water molecules colliding with small particles
After diffusion has reached equilibrium, movement of molecules
continues
Osmosis is the passage of
a fluid or solvent througha semipermeable membrane
In dialysis:
dissolved substances pass through a semi permeable membrane
What material is used to demonstrate the diffusion of a gas
NH4OH
The quantity of enzyme at the beginning and end of a reaction is:
does not change
Enzymes react with a molecule called:
substrate
Amylase reacts with starch and converts it into:
disaccharides
What is the role of amylase in the experiment on the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
enzyme
What is the role of iodine in the experiment on the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
indicator
Enzymes are composed of
at least in part of protein
In a given biochemical reaction:
only 1 enzyme can be used
What is the role of starch in the experiment on the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
substrate
In mitosis, what is the chromosome number in the daughter cells in relation to those found in the parent cell?
same
In interphase I of meiosis
DNA is duplicated
A pair of chromatids is called
dyad
In what phase do the spindle fibers form and the nucleolus disappears?
prophase
When chromosome material is dispersed it is called
chromatin
Species are determined by
the nature of the heredity material (the information contained)
Crossing-over occurs in
prophase I
The number of chromosomes in a somatic cell is
diploid
If q = 0.6, what is the frequency of the dominant allele?
.4
A probability value of less that 1%
is considered to be highly significant
If the frequency of the recessive allele is .3, what is the recessive phenotype frequency (assuming population at genetic equilibrium)?
.09
A probability value of 0.05 means that
there is a 5% (or less) probability of the null hypothesis (that the deviations are due to chance alone).
If there are 3 possible outcomes in a study, how many degrees of freedom are there?
2
Using a compound light microscope, individual chromosomes can be seen
only when cells are dividing
When using the scientific method, what do scientists do immediately after observing and wondering about the cause of some unexplained phenomenon?
check the scientific journals to see what is already known about the phenomenon.
literature survey
Data analysis is part of
testing hypothesis
an experiment
In spite of the chemical variation of the cell walls among Eukaryotes, the function is the same. What is the function?
to prevent the cell from rupturing
What organelle is generally most noticeable when viewing Eukaryotic cells under a microscope?
nucleus
A structure known as a mastax is found in
Rotifera
Amoeba move by means of
pseudopodia
How do scientists communicate the results of their experiments to other scientists?
publishing reports in scientific journals
giving lecture presentations at scientific meetings
What happens during data analysis?
comparison of measurements
see if experimental group data is different from control group data
If the data from an experiment is consistent with the hypothesis
the hypothesis may be true
the data supports the hypothesis
If the data from a thorough experiment shows that the experimental group behaved the same as the control group
the hypothesis is discarded
the hypothesis is false
If an experiment is repeated several times and the results are inconsistent
it's a sign that there may be confounding factors
we can't tell if data supports the hypothesis or not
Why do objects weigh less when submerged in water?
the weight of the displaced water opposes (and reduces) the objects' gravitational force
they displace water when submerged
If the reading of a 5 ml pipette is 1.0 ml, the volume in the pipette is ___________
4.0 ml
If the reading of a 5 ml pipette is 3.0 ml, the volume in the pipette is ___________
2.0 ml
If the reading of a 5 ml pipette is 4.0 ml, the volume in the pipette is ___________
1.0 ml
The purpose of looking at the slide of the letter E is:
to practice focusing the microscope
to determine how the lenses change the appearance of specimens
The term array as used in Lab 5 refers to:
a group of measurements listed in a column from highest to lowest
In a normal curve, what percent of the data can be found within +/- 1 standard deviation of the mean?
68.3%
What is the median of the following array? {9, 7, 6, 4, 4, 2}
5
What is the median of the following array? {15, 4, 2, 2}
3
What is the deviation for the mode in this array? {78, 67, 55, 40, 40}, mean = 56
-16
The blank cuvette is just like a sample cuvette except
it contains no solutes
On the spectrophotometer, the “% Transmission” scale is a measure of
how much light passed through the sample
What must be done every time the spectrophotometer is set to a new wavelength?
slope the machine
On the spectrophotometer, the "% Transmission" scale is a measure of
how much light passed through the sample
how much of the light coming from the lamp hit the detector
If % transmission is high for a given sample, then
absorbance will be low
The generation time of bacteria
occurs during the exponential growth phase
is the time it takes for the population to double
occurs during the log phase
As the population of bacteria increases
absorbance increases
optical density increases
In the Evaluating Substrate Utilization exercise
iodine is an indicator for starch
amylase is an enzyme
In the chemical reaction where starch is broken down, catalyzed by the enzyme amylase,
the substrate is starch
the reactant is starch
What will happen if less than 3 ml of sample is used in the spectrophotometer?
some of the light beam will pass through the air above the sample
the absorbance readings will be too low
Osmotic pressure is
greater when the concentration gradient is greater
highest where the concentration is highest
CO2 is removed from various molecules by the process:
decarboxylation
What cells control the opening and closing of the stomata in leaves?
guard cells
The grasshopper breathes by means of:
a tracheal system
The garden snail breathes using:
lungs
What is the function of the KOH in the respirometer?
to absorb CO2
Air enters the snail through the:
respiratory pore
Tracheids:
join to form xylem
The plant to be used to measure transpiration in this exercise is:
ivy
Blood is returned to the heart of a fish from the tail fin through a vessel known as the:
posterior vena cava
The tracheophytes are commonly known as:
vascular plants
Diffusion is a(an):
slow process
Transport systems beyond simple mechanisms such as cyclosis are needed by:
large multicellular organisms
Term that refers to when an enzyme is irreversibly damaged
denature
In the experiment examining the effect of temp. on enzyme activity:
saliva contains the enzyme
starch is the substrate
How is the digestive tract of Rotifera different from that of Hydra?
more complex than hydra
has more openings than hydra
When chlorophyll extract in a test tube is exposed to light, it will:
emit red light
use light energy to excite electrons
Why was a heat shield used for study of light intensity vs. rate of photosynthesis?
heat affects enzyme activity
Elodea is a water plant and is not used to warm temperatures
to reduce confounding factors
How do organisms in the Subphylum Sarcodina move?
pseudopodia
How do animal cells move in a watery environment?
cilia
flagella
How do animal cells stick to each other?
glycocalyces
Blood is returned to the heart of a fish from the tail through a vessel known as the
renal portal vein
posterior vena cava
renal vein
What is the purpose of the vaseline in the transpiration experiment?
block stomata
reduce transpiration
The openings through which gases enter and leave the leaves of plants are called:
stomata
In vascular plants, water and minerals are transported through:
xylem
The tracheophytes are commonly known as
vascular plants
Tracheids
join to form xylem
Transport systems are needed by:
trees
large animals
The delivery of nutrients and the elimination of wastes are imporant to:
cells deep within an organism
cells making up the surface of an organism
nerve cells
Diffusion is a/an:
slow process
imporant process in delivering materials to cells
important process in removing materials from cells
How does a Paramecium accomplish respiration?
CO2 diffuses outward through cell membrane
O2 diffuses inward through cell membrane
Why was a heat shield used for study of light intensity vs. rate of photosynthesis?
heat affects enzyme activity
Elodea is a water plant and is not used to warm temperatures
to reduce confounding factors
1
Volumes in graduated cylinders and pipettes are always measured at what part of the meniscus?
bottom
The volume between two adjacent numbers on a 1 ml pipette is equal to how many milliliters?
0.1
Spirogyra is an example of a(an):
alga
If a microscopic field measures 1000 microns and 2 cells that are equal in length extend half way across the field, what is the length of 1 cell in microns?
250
Paramecium is an example of a(an):
one-celled animal
In caring for a microscope, it is important to:
carry it with 2 hands
What item is used in this exercise to measure the microscopic field?
plastic ruler
If the objective lens has a magnification of 40x and the ocular lens 15x, the total magnification is equal to
600x
What is another name for a human red blood cell?
erythrocyte
The eyepiece on a microscope houses a
ocular lens
If the slope value is 0.2, how much change in the Y variable will there be for every unit increase in the X variable?
0.2
Inferential tests:
may apply to populations outside the study group
A regression line essentially represents:
an averaging of the Y data along the X axis.
Descriptive statistics:
analyzes data about a particular group of observations etc...
A population in statistical terms:
is any group of subjects
Deviation is:
the distance of any measurement from the mean
Research can be generally defined as
gathering and analyzing data with the intention of adding to current knowledge
Sloping the machine:
sets the point of 0 % Transmission
If a sample shows a high O.D. reading, the % Transmission will probably be:
low
Peak absorbance of a compound is the wavelength of light that:
is most readily absorbed
The larger the mass of a molecule
the slower it moves
Molecules move the most freely in
gases
Diffusion is a process where particles move
from high to low concentration
Brownian movement occurs as a result of
water molecules colliding with small particles
After diffusion has reached equilibrium, movement of molecules
continues
Osmosis is the passage of
a fluid or solvent througha semipermeable membrane
In dialysis:
dissolved substances pass through a semi permeable membrane
What material is used to demonstrate the diffusion of a gas
NH4OH
The quantity of enzyme at the beginning and end of a reaction is:
does not change
Enzymes react with a molecule called:
substrate
Amylase reacts with starch and converts it into:
disaccharides
What is the role of amylase in the experiment on the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
enzyme
What is the role of iodine in the experiment on the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
indicator
Enzymes are composed of
at least in part of protein
In a given biochemical reaction:
only 1 enzyme can be used
What is the role of starch in the experiment on the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
substrate
In mitosis, what is the chromosome number in the daughter cells in relation to those found in the parent cell?
same
In interphase I of meiosis
DNA is duplicated
A pair of chromatids is called
dyad
In what phase do the spindle fibers form and the nucleolus disappears?
prophase
When chromosome material is dispersed it is called
chromatin
Species are determined by
the nature of the heredity material (the information contained)
Crossing-over occurs in
prophase I
The number of chromosomes in a somatic cell is
diploid
If q = 0.6, what is the frequency of the dominant allele?
.4
A probability value of less that 1%
is considered to be highly significant
If the frequency of the recessive allele is .3, what is the recessive phenotype frequency (assuming population at genetic equilibrium)?
.09
A probability value of 0.05 means that
there is a 5% (or less) probability of the null hypothesis (that the deviations are due to chance alone).
If there are 3 possible outcomes in a study, how many degrees of freedom are there?
2
Using a compound light microscope, individual chromosomes can be seen
only when cells are dividing
When using the scientific method, what do scientists do immediately after observing and wondering about the cause of some unexplained phenomenon?
check the scientific journals to see what is already known about the phenomenon.
literature survey
Data analysis is part of
testing hypothesis
an experiment
In spite of the chemical variation of the cell walls among Eukaryotes, the function is the same. What is the function?
to prevent the cell from rupturing
What organelle is generally most noticeable when viewing Eukaryotic cells under a microscope?
nucleus
A structure known as a mastax is found in
Rotifera
Amoeba move by means of
pseudopodia
How do scientists communicate the results of their experiments to other scientists?
publishing reports in scientific journals
giving lecture presentations at scientific meetings
What happens during data analysis?
comparison of measurements
see if experimental group data is different from control group data
If the data from an experiment is consistent with the hypothesis
the hypothesis may be true
the data supports the hypothesis
If the data from a thorough experiment shows that the experimental group behaved the same as the control group
the hypothesis is discarded
the hypothesis is false
If an experiment is repeated several times and the results are inconsistent
it's a sign that there may be confounding factors
we can't tell if data supports the hypothesis or not
Why do objects weigh less when submerged in water?
the weight of the displaced water opposes (and reduces) the objects' gravitational force
they displace water when submerged
If the reading of a 5 ml pipette is 1.0 ml, the volume in the pipette is ___________
4.0 ml
If the reading of a 5 ml pipette is 3.0 ml, the volume in the pipette is ___________
2.0 ml
If the reading of a 5 ml pipette is 4.0 ml, the volume in the pipette is ___________
1.0 ml
The purpose of looking at the slide of the letter E is:
to practice focusing the microscope
to determine how the lenses change the appearance of specimens
The term array as used in Lab 5 refers to:
a group of measurements listed in a column from highest to lowest
In a normal curve, what percent of the data can be found within +/- 1 standard deviation of the mean?
68.3%
What is the median of the following array? {9, 7, 6, 4, 4, 2}
5
What is the median of the following array? {15, 4, 2, 2}
3
What is the deviation for the mode in this array? {78, 67, 55, 40, 40}, mean = 56
-16
The blank cuvette is just like a sample cuvette except
it contains no solutes
On the spectrophotometer, the “% Transmission” scale is a measure of
how much light passed through the sample
What must be done every time the spectrophotometer is set to a new wavelength?
slope the machine
On the spectrophotometer, the "% Transmission" scale is a measure of
how much light passed through the sample
how much of the light coming from the lamp hit the detector
If % transmission is high for a given sample, then
absorbance will be low
The generation time of bacteria
occurs during the exponential growth phase
is the time it takes for the population to double
occurs during the log phase
As the population of bacteria increases
absorbance increases
optical density increases
In the Evaluating Substrate Utilization exercise
iodine is an indicator for starch
amylase is an enzyme
In the chemical reaction where starch is broken down, catalyzed by the enzyme amylase,
the substrate is starch
the reactant is starch
What will happen if less than 3 ml of sample is used in the spectrophotometer?
some of the light beam will pass through the air above the sample
the absorbance readings will be too low
Osmotic pressure is
greater when the concentration gradient is greater
highest where the concentration is highest
CO2 is removed from various molecules by the process:
decarboxylation
What cells control the opening and closing of the stomata in leaves?
guard cells
The grasshopper breathes by means of:
a tracheal system
The garden snail breathes using:
lungs
What is the function of the KOH in the respirometer?
to absorb CO2
Air enters the snail through the:
respiratory pore
Tracheids:
join to form xylem
The plant to be used to measure transpiration in this exercise is:
ivy
Blood is returned to the heart of a fish from the tail fin through a vessel known as the:
posterior vena cava
The tracheophytes are commonly known as:
vascular plants
Diffusion is a(an):
slow process
Transport systems beyond simple mechanisms such as cyclosis are needed by:
large multicellular organisms
Term that refers to when an enzyme is irreversibly damaged
denature
In the experiment examining the effect of temp. on enzyme activity:
saliva contains the enzyme
starch is the substrate
How is the digestive tract of Rotifera different from that of Hydra?
more complex than hydra
has more openings than hydra
When chlorophyll extract in a test tube is exposed to light, it will:
emit red light
use light energy to excite electrons
Why was a heat shield used for study of light intensity vs. rate of photosynthesis?
heat affects enzyme activity
Elodea is a water plant and is not used to warm temperatures
to reduce confounding factors
How do organisms in the Subphylum Sarcodina move?
pseudopodia
How do animal cells move in a watery environment?
cilia
flagella
How do animal cells stick to each other?
glycocalyces
Blood is returned to the heart of a fish from the tail through a vessel known as the
renal portal vein
posterior vena cava
renal vein
What is the purpose of the vaseline in the transpiration experiment?
block stomata
reduce transpiration
The openings through which gases enter and leave the leaves of plants are called:
stomata
In vascular plants, water and minerals are transported through:
xylem
The tracheophytes are commonly known as
vascular plants
Tracheids
join to form xylem
Transport systems are needed by:
trees
large animals
The delivery of nutrients and the elimination of wastes are imporant to:
cells deep within an organism
cells making up the surface of an organism
nerve cells
Diffusion is a/an:
slow process
imporant process in delivering materials to cells
important process in removing materials from cells
How does a Paramecium accomplish respiration?
CO2 diffuses outward through cell membrane
O2 diffuses inward through cell membrane
Why was a heat shield used for study of light intensity vs. rate of photosynthesis?
heat affects enzyme activity
Elodea is a water plant and is not used to warm temperatures
to reduce confounding factors
Human Cultural Geography
In 2004, which countries had per capita emissions of carbon dioxide of less than one metric ton?
Somalia and KenyaMediterranean agriculture is found in
eastern Spain, Italy and northern Egypt.
The Kyoto Protocol _______.
addresses global climate change
___________ are among the cities with the highest connection to New York City.
London and Singapore
During the Pleistocene, glaciers extend as far as _____________.
St. Louis and Seattle
Mortality risk from natural disaster is greatest in developed countries.
False
___________ describes a field of study that considers the roles of political economics, power, and history in shaping human environmental interactions.
Political-ecology
Global warming began about 18,000 years ago and is a characteristic of the Holocene.
True
Urban sprawl is closely associated with rapid urban population growth.
False
Biologists estimate that there may be as many as ____ million types of organisms on Earth.
25
Which of the following is not one of the key “greenhouse” gasses?
ozone
Depletion of the ozone layer is caused by the release of __________ into the atmosphere.
chlorofluorocarbons
The Food and Agricultural Organization at the United Nations released a study indicating that the rate of forest loss globally between 2000-2005 was lower than between 1990-2000.
True
Globalization networks link us with other people and places, and the flow of information technology is a daily way in which we are interlinked with the globe.
True
Highest rates of infant mortality are found in Central America region.
False
Buying a Native American styled dream catcher at a Wal-Mart store in Ohio is an example of
cultural appropriation.
After the three Eurasian population clusters, the next-ranking cluster comprises the east-central United States and southeastern Canada. This cluster is not nearly as large as the smallest of the Eurasian clusters. It is, in fact only ___ the size.
one-quarter
It has been estimated that 98 percent of Egypt's population occupies only _______ percent of the country's total area.
3
________ culture is conceived as small, incorporating a homogeneous population, typically rural and cohesive in cultural traits.
Folk
The Afghan Taliban (Islamic fundamentalists) movement, spawned in Pakistan, created a counter migration of 2.5 million Afghanis to ________ when they came to power.
Iran
The study of human cultures and their ability to adapt and exist within a particular physical environment is called:
cultural ecology
The only country in Africa with a building over 700 feet tall is:
South Africa.
Geographer Carl O. Sauer is most closely connected with:
cultural landscape
Irish migration to North America in the mid-1800s is an example of
migration which reflects both forced and voluntary aspects of migration
In India the greatest concentration of population is found on the
plain of the Ganges River.
Housing in American suburbs shows little regional variation and tends to sacrifice tradition for practicality and convenience.
True
The long-term relocation of an individual, household, or group to a new location outside the community of origin is called
migration.
The world's three largest population concentrations are all found on the same landmass, which is:
Eurasia.
The South American country with the highest average daily calorie consumption per capita is
Brazil
All of the following stimulated migration: Hurricane Katrina, the eruption of Sourfriere Hills Volcano, and the Irish famine of the 1840’s.
True
Since September 2001, there has been a greater concern about immigration control to
prevent terrorism.
The concept of culture is closely identified with:
anthropology
About ___ percent of the world's population is concentrated in East Asia.
25
In 1995, the collapse of which of the following European countries produced the largest refugee crisis in Europe since the end of World War II?
Yugoslavia
The visible imprint of human activity on the landscape is known as:
the cultural landscape.
The physical location of a place using the Earth latitude-longitude grid is properly called the:
absolute location
________________ culture is conceived as small, incorporating a homogeneous population, typically rural and cohesive in cultural traits.
Folk
Almost everywhere on Earth, Total Fertility Rates (TFRs) are
falling.
A city’s relative location can change over time.
True
“Little Sweden” in Lindsborg, Kansas is a good example:
neolocalism.
The spread of disease where nearly all adjacent individuals are affected is an example of
contagious diffusion
The major focus of North America's population is
the Megalopolis region.
Some countries have declining populations, which means negative population growth rates.
True
Much of Kenya’s income comes from:
coffee and tea production
The mental map you have of places you routinely visit is a map of your:
activity spaces
A group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a community and who share experience, customs, and traits are referred to as a
local culture.
Which is not an aspect of cultural landscape convergence?
development of regional architectural styles
Geographer David Harvey refers to the increasing speed by which innovations in popular culture diffuse as
time-space compression.
The importance of the spatial approach that geographers use in their studies is that it shows:
the arrangement and organization of things on the surface to the Earth
Which of the following is not one of Ernst Ravenstein’s laws of migration?
The majority of urban migrants are uneducated.
Globalized popular culture can be picked up and reproduced by people in the context of their local culture. This is referred to as:
reterritorialization.
Food production, contrary to the predictions of Malthus, has grown exponentially because of a number of factors. Which one of the following is not one of these factors?
an increase in the number of farmers in Britain
Which geographical theme would involve the study of the impact of the drainage of part of the Florida Everglades?
human-environment
One recent refugee crisis in Southwest Asia took place in 1991, when, in the aftermath of the Gulf War, the __________ population of northern Iraq was forced to leave their villages and flee across the Turkish and Iranian borders.
Kurdish
Two countries with very high percentages of arable land are:
Rwanda and Poland
Two physical geographic barriers create the boundaries of the South Asia population cluster are
the Himalaya Mountains to the north and the mountains west of the Indus River Valley in Pakistan.
The statistics that report the number of deaths per thousand people in a given year is called:
the crude death or mortality rate.
Cultural appropriation for purposes of profit (e.g., naming a beer for a Lakota chief) is referred to as an example of
commodification
In terms of total number of refugees, _____ is the geographic realm most severely affected by refugee problems.
tropical Africa
Births and _______ add to the population growth of a particular country.
immigration
Efforts to conserve local cultures often focus on the local ____________.
customs
All of the following are examples of periodic movements except
commuting to work
European global exploration was a consequence of European colonization and the need for geographical information.
False
Which US states experienced net outmigration during the 1990s & net immigration from 2000-2004?
Wyoming, Maryland, Maine
Major routes of human migration before 1950 include all of the following except:
China to India.
The rise of NASCAR from a regional Southern sport to its national prominence on television and advertising has not affected its status as a local cultural phenomena.
False
Countries with aging populations attempt to stimulate economic growth to lessen the effect of rising medical and retirement costs by
promoting immigration.
Between 1788 and 1838, tens of thousands of convicts were shipped from Britain to which of the following continents?
Australia
A good example of a formal region would be a:
region of similar language
The type of movement that involves journeys that begin at and bring us back to our home base is called
cyclic.
Government efforts to discourage native practice and languages in the United States and Canada were attempts to _____________ native groups.
assimilate
Migration of individuals is not a form of diffusion.
False
Mandarin, the language in and around the Chinese capital Beijing, was chosen as the standardized form of Chinese for the whole country.
True
A series of concrete pillars _________ the northern boundary of Kuwait with Iraq.
demarcates
The European state idea spread throughout the world through
European colonialism.
The faith that is most widely dispersed over the world is
Christianity.
The Peace of Westphalia ____________
marked the beginning of the modern state of Europe.
The former Soviet Union adopted _______________ as its official religious policy.
atheism
Hawaii and Louisiana are examples of states with
official bilingual policies.
The largest constituency of Christianity is
Roman Catholicism.
Nigeria chose __________ as its official language upon independence.
English
The dominating colonial influence in Libya, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia was ___________.
Italian
One way of identifying ourselves is to “identify against,” i.e. define the “other” and thus define ourselves as not the other.
True
A language that is the product of a process of convergence which allows speakers of two or more languages to communicate is
a lingua franca.
Distance, remoteness and marginal location enhance the potential for devolution. This form of devolution is referred to as
spatial devolution
The boundary between the United States and Canada west of the Great Lakes is an example of a(n)
geometric boundary
The two theories of the Proto-Indo-European language diffusion are_________ and ________.
conquest theory/dispersal hypothesis
In the 1910s, segregation of the Chinese in Oakland, California was
the result of “white only” zoning laws.
Devolution is affecting many countries in the world today.
True
The teachings of Lao-Tsu form the tenants of
Taoism.
Christianity is an example of a polytheistic religion.
False
“Invasion and succession” is the term used to describe the process where new immigrants to a city often move into areas occupied by older immigrant groups.
True
There are ___ principal language families of the world.
20
Dialects are most often marked by actual differences in
vocabulary.
A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs is called
an isogloss
The Hindu religion is one of the oldest of the great religions and may have begun ______
4,000
Robert Sack’s view of human territorial behavior implies an expression of control over space and time. This control is closely related to the concept of
sovereignty.
____ of internet content is in English.
68%
The rise of the modern state idea, where territory defined society rather than society defining territory, swept through Europe in the
1600s
The French government has _________ to protect French language and culture.
all of the above
At the global scale, political geographers study the spatial manifestations of political processes expressed in the organization of territories with permanent population, defined territory and a government. These spatial units are called
states.
Jerusalem is a sacred place for
all of the above
Which is an example of an intrafaith (boundary) conflict?
Northern Ireland
The crucial element in language is
vocalization
When not all people within a state identify with the dominant sense of nationality, movements for separation of nation and territory may arise. For example the ______in ________.
Basques, Spain
We think of the border region between the United States and Mexico as being an Anglo-Hispanic meeting point, but one of the largest groups of _____________ in Mexico can be found just outside the city of Mexicali.
Chinese
In the former Yugoslavia, Albanians are the dominate ethnic group in _____________
Kosovo.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the most residentially segregated metropolitan area for African Americans is
Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Critical geopolitics emphasizes the analysis of diplomatic and power relations between various state groupings.
False
Which is an example of a stateless-nation?
Kurdistan
Most ________ states gained independence after 1940.
African
The belief that inanimate objects (e.g. trees, mountains, boulders) contain spirits
agrarianism.
Recent geopolitical theory emphasizes the “deconstruction” of spatial assumptions and territorial perspectives of leading western politicians and analysis of the way their ideas are used to manipulate public opinion. This field of research is called
Critical geopolitics
The Indo-European language family prevails on the map of Europe. Which country listed below has a language which is not in the Indo-European family?
Hungary
Persian, Pashto and Baluchi are all part of the __________ branch of the language tree.
Iranian
Which country has experienced violent devolution?
Yugoslavia
When places are “designed” either for women or men they are said to be
gendered
Ethnicity is a dynamic phenomena and ethnic identity (e.g. Swiss-American ethnicity) is greatly affected by
scale and place.
Hinduism arose in the _____________ River valley.
Indus
American, Canadian, and Russian governments have all worked to insure the preservation of minority native languages within their borders.
False
Many geographers, such as Elder, Knopp, and Nast, refer to theories that explain or inform our understanding of sexuality and space as
queer theory.
The present number of countries and territories in the world is around
200.
Parts of South Africa and Zimbabwe have become demographically feminized due to migration of
males to urban and mining jobs.
According to Gillian Ross, “identity” is
how we make sense of ourselves.
The most widely used Indo-European language today is
English
Buddhism thrives in all of the areas listed below except
India.
Sound shift is _____________.
a slight change in a word across languages within a subfamily
Which of the following U.S. regional association is incorrect?
Southwest—Mormon
One of the most powerful impacts of colonialism was the construction of global order characterized by great differences in
economic and political power
The youngest major religion is
Islam.
In India the breaking of a dowry contract may lead to
a beating or killing of the wife (dowry death).
Race is
socially constructed.
Residential segregation in the United States today is
decreasing.
The Hajj, one of the “pillars of Islam,” is
the pilgrimage to Mecca.
A boundary between countries is a
vertical plane that cuts through the rocks below and air above
A culture’s assumptions about the differences between men and women, their character, roles and divisions of labor are referred to as
gender.
Zoroastrianism is similar to Islam and Christianity in that it is
monotheistic.
In 1997 Scotland took a major devolutionary step with the establishment of
the Scottish Parliament
Which of the following Balkan association is incorrect?
Croat—Orthodox
By the year _______, Islam had diffused to the East Indies.
1200
Which of the following is not generally a characteristic of an ethnic religion?
always polytheistic
The growth of fundamentalist Islam can be seen in the spread of the adoption of Sharia law.
True
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)